Nylon paj ntaub xov yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv paj ntaub, khaub ncaws, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev. Lub precision ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov xim, lub zog, thiab durability ntawm cov khoom tiav. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom ntim tiav, kev tsim cov nylon paj ntaub xov yuav tsum muaj ntau yam txheej txheem nruj, kev koom ua ke cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer science thiab textile engineering technology. Cov nram qab no systematically piav txog nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Raw Material Pretreatment: Xaiv thiab ziab ntawm High-Nylon Chips
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau nylon paj ntaub xov yog siab -viscosity nylon 6 lossis nylon 66 chips (sau ntau dua 90% ntawm cov khoom tiav tiav). Nws qhov hnyav molecular yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 18,000-25,000 kom paub meej spinnability thiab uniformity ntawm dyeing tom ntej. Ua ntej kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum tau ua ob zaug pretreatment: ua ntej, impurities (xws li hlau hais thiab unmelted gel) raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub vibrating npo thiab sib nqus sib nqus; Tom qab ntawd, nws tau qhuav hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus tsev ntawm 105-120℃rau 8-12 teev, nruj me ntsis tswj cov dej noo kom qis dua 50ppm-ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv hydrolysis thiab saw tawg thaum lub sij hawm yaj.
Melt Spinning: Fiber tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias
Qhuav nylon chips yog rhuab mus rau 260-280℃(Nylon 6) los yog 275-295℃(Nylon 66) siv ib tug ntsia hlau extruder, melting rau hauv ib tug yaj ntawm haum viscosity (viscosity index tswj ntawm 2.8 thiab 3.5) nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Cov yaj yog ces ntws los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis metering, lim (qhov pore loj tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5μm) kom tshem tawm cov impurities seem, thiab thaum kawg extruded los ntawm spinneret (feem ntau 32-48 qhov, pore loj 0.2-0.3mm) los tsim cov fibers nascent. Nyob rau theem no, kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, extrusion ceev, thiab cua txias tshaj tawm (15-25m / s) yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej fiber ntau qhov sib txawv tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 3μm, muab cov qauv thawj zaug rau kev ncab tom ntej.
Kev kos duab thiab kev taw qhia: Molecular Chain Directional Strengthening
Cov saw hlau molecular ntawm cov nascent fibers yog nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb coiled lub xeev, nrog lub zog tsuas yog 30% -40% ntawm cov khoom kawg. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau theem (feem ntau suav nrog kev tsim qauv, kev tsim qauv theem nrab, thiab qhov chaw kub ntxhov), cov fibers tau ncab mus rau 3-5 npaug ntawm lawv qhov qub ntev uas siv cov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov menyuam kub (80-130 degree) thiab nro rollers. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, cov nylon molecular chains yog heev taw qhia raws lub fiber axis, nce crystallinity los ntawm 15% -20% nyob rau hauv nws thawj lub xeev mus rau 35% -45%, uas ua rau ib tug kawg tawg lub zog ntawm 4.5-6.0 cN / dtex (2-3 lub sij hawm ntawm zoo tib yam sewing xov), thaum tuav ib tug nruab nrab ntawm elongation ntawm 18% deformation (18%). paj ntaub.
Thaum tshav kub kub teeb thiab Winding: Dimensional Stability thiab Rewinding Preparation
Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov txheej txheem kub (120-150℃, 20-30 vib nas this). Cov txheej txheem no tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm kev so lossis tensioning, kho cov qauv molecular saw orientation, thiab tswj cov dej kub hauv dej kom tsawg li 5% (piv rau 15%-20% rau cov fibers tsis zoo tib yam). Tom qab cua txias, cov fibers zoo li tusyees raug mob rau ntawm daim ntawv los yog cov raj yas siv lub tshuab cua kub ceev (linear ceev 800-1200 m / min), ua ib qho tuab tuab, tsis sib tshooj, muab cov khoom siv raw khoom rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej.
Ncej -kev ua: Roj, Twisting, thiab Dyeing
1. Oiling: Ib tug smoothing tus neeg sawv cev (xws li polyether- hloov silicone roj, cov ntsiab lus 0.8%-1.5%) yog sib npaug rau saum npoo ntawm lub ncuav mog qab zib siv cov roj rau cov menyuam los yog lub nozzle, txo cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm fibers (los ntawm 0.35 mus rau qis dua 0.15), txo cov xov paj tawg thaum lub sij hawm gloss.
2. Twisting thiab Plying: Nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov (piv txwv li, paj ntaub tiaj tus, phuam paj ntaub), cov monofilaments tuaj yeem sib tw ua ke ntawm tus nqi sib tw ntawm 200-800 twists / meter (feem ntau 2 lossis 4 strands) siv lub tshuab twisting, txhim kho qhov txhav-dimension ntawm threads thiab 3.
3. Dyeing thiab Kho: Rau cov xim tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv lo lo ntxhuav yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej (degreasing → alkali txo → ntxuav) tom qab dyeing nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab - kub, siab - lub tshuab dyeing tshuab siv disperse dyes los yog acid dyes (pH 4.3-10.0. Qhov no yog ua raws li kev txo qis kev tu (tshem tawm cov xim ntau dhau) thiab kho tus neeg saib xyuas kev kho mob (txhim kho xim nrawm rau qib 4-5). Thaum kawg, ib qho softener yog siv los txhim kho tes.
Kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab ntim khoom: Kaw -Loop Quality Control thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem
Cov xov paj ntaub nylon tiav yuav tsum dhau ntau dua 10 qhov kev sim nruj: xov qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (± 2%), tawg lub zog (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 90% ntawm tus qauv tus nqi), xim txawv (ΔE Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.0), thiab fuzz Performance index (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3 threads / cm), thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom tsim nyog tau txiav txim siab, txiav txim siab raws li cov khoom tsim nyog, txiav txim siab raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. 500 meters / spool, 1000 meters / yob) hauv cov dej noo{10}}cov ntawv pov thawj cov raj lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab yas, thiab sau npe nrog cov lej, xim tooj, thiab cov qauv siv tau (piv txwv li, FZ/T 63012-2019 "Pab Xov"). Thaum kawg, lawv tau khaws cia rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog qhov kub ntawm 25℃± 5℃thiab cov av noo tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 60% kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov mus ntev.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm nylon paj ntaub xov yog ntau -sib nqus kev koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv science, precision manufacturing, thiab kev tswj kom zoo. Los ntawm molecular - qib pretreatment ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv mus rau qhov kawg colourfastness pov thawj, txhua tus txheej txheem yuav tsum tau meej parameter tswj kom thaum kawg tsim high- xov zoo nrog lub zog siab, siab colourfastness, thiab zoo heev paj ntaub adaptability, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau nruj ntawm siab-kawg apparel, handicrafts, thiab industrial sewing.